Held in Brussels on 22 April 2026, the COcyber High-level Dual-use and Synergy Roundtable brought together representatives from EU institutions, NATO, national authorities, academia, industry, and research organisatio...
Commissioned by the European Commission under the EU Work Plan for Culture 2023–2026, this study examines how European cultural content is discovered and accessed in today’s digital environment. It assesses the cu...
This thematic paper analyses the future of digital identity and identification in the context of Web 4.0 and virtual worlds. The report focuses on a time horizon extending to 2035, or approximately ten years from its ...
For more than a decade, and accelerated by the arrival of generative AI (GenAI), a growing diversity of AI-mediated technologies have been widely deployed in classrooms and other education settings across Europe and b...
This report offers a comprehensive analysis of the EU27 digital health landscape, combining market intelligence, stakeholder insights and economic modelling to inform future policy and investment. The first part of th...
The European Union is building the world’s firstpublic network of cutting-edge quantum computers. The European High Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (EuroHPC JU) pools together resources of the European Union...
Behind every stream, playlist and recommendation lies a web of data few creators or regulators can see. A new Policy Brief from the Fair MusE project argues that closing this transparency gap is essential for fair rem...
From vinyl records to streaming platforms, and from playlists to artificial intelligence, the way music is created, distributed, and valued has changed dramatically over the past decades. To help creators, professiona...
Who gets seen, who gets heard, and who gets paid in the digital music economy increasingly depends on data few people can see. With the release of three new booklets, the Fair MusE project turns years of research into...
Expanding your business internationally can be challenging and may involve risks, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). It may be intimidating to properly address all relevant financial and regul...
The concept of Open Innovation—where organisations collaborate across boundaries to harness external knowledge and ideas—has reshaped the traditional ways of developing and bringing new technologies, products, and...
A comprehensive overview of Europe's leading SMEs advancing 5G and future network technologies. Developed by the NetworldEurope SME Working Group together with the Smart Networks and Services Joint Undertaking (SNS JU...
Online financial frauds and scams are not new, but artificial intelligence (AI) has made them smarter and harder to spot. Criminals now use fake messages and websites, false celebrity profiles, and even AI-generated v...
This policy brief addresses the risks posed by generative artificial intelligence (AI) to democratic governance, focusing on AI-generated content in political campaigns, especially AI-powered disinformation. It synthe...
The fast growth of crypto-assets and their specific features – global accessibility, speed, anonymity, and often irreversibility of transactions – make you a prime target for cybercriminals. Fraudsters and scammer...
Europe’s digital ecosystem remains heavily dependent on non-EU software and cloud providers. This study maps these dependencies, as well the geopolitical and economic risks they raise. It finds that US firms dominat...
The purpose of this publication is to provide the compilers of European statistics on the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in households and by individuals with clarifications on how to apply the ...
This study examines the views of early adopters of generative AI (GenAI) in secondary education, exploring emerging practices and perceptions across five EU Member States. The study, based on the views of educators, s...
Digital platforms have reshaped the way in which societies operate, from communications and commerce to the conduct of democratic processes. These powers have remained largely untamed, raising questions about responsi...
In January 2025, Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg announced the halt of third-party fact-checking on Facebook and Instagram, framing it as resistance to Europe’s alleged “laws institutionalizing censorship.” The Europea...
This report, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Justice, Civil Liberties and Institutional Affairs at the request of the Committee on Legal Affairs (JURI), examines the use of AI techniq...
This policy brief examines the emerging notion of AI sovereignty. In response to the ubiquity of AI systems and their increasing control by a few large tech companies, governments worldwide are asserting their soverei...
This report provides an in-depth analysis of the concept of cumulative compute as a proxy for general-purpose AI (GPAI) model capabilities, with a focus on measuring and verifying training compute, defined as the comp...
The European cloud market is largely dominated by US providers, creating structural dependencies and posing risks to the confidentiality of European data. Conceived as a technical certification framework for cloud sec...
This report discusses an approach for measuring behavioural change in models following modification, which could be used as part of a broader assessment to determine when a modified General-Purpose AI (GPAI) model sho...
This report proposes a framework for categorising AI models as General-Purpose AI (GPAI) models as defined in the EU AI Act, based on their capabilities and generality. It breaks down the core components of the GPAI m...
This report provides an in-depth analysis of the concept of cumulative compute as a proxy for general-purpose AI (GPAI) model capabilities, with a focus on measuring and verifying training compute, defined as the comp...
Ensuring the interoperability and security of email communications is one of the cornerstones of a resilient and open Internet. In this context, the wide adoption of key Internet security standards, such as StartTLS, ...
The adoption of Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), the next version of the widely used IPv4, is key to ensure the interoperability, scalability, stability, and security of the Internet. This report provides an overvi...
This report investigates the strengths and gaps in the European Digital Innovation Hubs (EDIH) Net-work in its first stage, with regards to advancing AI adoption within Europe. As announced in the AI Continent Action ...
The use case observatory is a multi-year research project designed to assess the economic, governmental, social and environmental impact of open data across Europe from 2022 to 2025. Managed by the Publications Office...
A high level of adoption of Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC) is essential to protect the integrity of the Domain Name System (DNS) Internet infrastructure to ensure the interoperability and security of ...
This report proposes a scientific methodology to identify high-impact capabilities in general-purpose AI (GPAI) models, defined in the EU AI Act as capabilities of the most advanced GPAI models. High-impact capabiliti...
This report provides a comprehensive overview of how FRAND (Fair, Reasonable, and Non-Discriminatory) terms are applied in legal frameworks, case law, and administrative practices across multiple sectors and jurisdict...
This report discusses an approach for measuring behavioural change in models following modification, which could be used as part of a broader assessment to determine when a modified General-Purpose AI (GPAI) model sho...
The Action on Artificial Intelligence (AI) was launched in April 2024 under the BRIDGE Data Management Working Group, in response to the increasing relevance of AI technologies in supporting the digitalisation and dec...
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools – in particular, general-purpose GenAI chatbots – are now widely used by society. The training methodology and the quality of the data on which they are trained imp...
Artificial intelligence has made huge breakthroughs, but at the cost of energy-hungry training methods based on massive data collection. Yet data centres already consume as much power as entire countries, and experts ...
This report investigates the strengths and gaps in the European Digital Innovation Hubs (EDIH) Net-work in its first stage, with regards to advancing AI adoption within Europe. As announced in the AI Continent Action ...
This factsheet provides a snapshot of Public Open Data projects funded under the CEF Telecom Programme (2014-2020) and the sectors or fields in which each project was developed, showcasing some projects and their impa...
This document represents the deliverable ‘Second Technical Report’ for the project Study on Technical Assistance in support of implementing Article 12(5) of Directive 2023/1791 on the energy performance and sustai...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is fundamentally transforming the scientific process across all stages, from hypothesis generation and experimental design to data analysis, peer review and dissemination of results. In ma...
This study evaluates the quality of mobile data services experienced by users while roaming under the Roam Like At Home (RLAH) regulation. Conducted across 20 EU Member States using 47 SIMs from various mobile network...
This report outlines the findings of a study conducted by Open Evidence in collaboration with the London School of Economics, KEA European Affairs, and CINT. The study examines trends, behaviours, and preferences in m...
Media plays a unique role in Europe’s democracy, society and culture. European citizens need trustworthy information and access to culturally diverse stories and innovative content. However, challenges have multipli...
This school year, help students stay safe online and thrive offline with the European Commission’s 2025–2026 Calendar. Each month explores a digital safety theme, from cybersecurity to digital rights, while suppor...
The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a diagnostic tool developed by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom (CMPF) at the European University Institute. Implemented every year since 2020, and evolved since 20...
This market study provides a comprehensive analysis of the current landscape and trends in the European and global language technology market. Recognising data's key role in language technology growth, the study compa...
This paper argues that democratic societies face a critical threeto five-year window (2025-2030) to establish effective governance of artificial intelligence before the potential emergence of Artificial General Intell...
This study explores the feasibility of a European news streaming platform (ENSP), with a focus on its governance, legal implications and potential added value for media pluralism in Europe. Such a platform would, acco...
The JURI Committee workshop on generative AI and copyright was held on June 4, 2025. Prof. Dr Lucchi presented a study requested by the Committee on the legal aspects of the phenomenon. The complex relationship betwee...
This study is designed to clarify how GenAI systems interact with copyright – technically, legally, and economically. It examines how copyright-protected content is used in training models, what the applicable EU le...
This study covered the whole EU through information and data gathered during the desk research and the interviews with EU umbrella organisations. The national fieldwork focused on a sample of 18 EU Member States, name...
This is the main body of the Work Programme. It describes what the agency aims to deliver through its operational and corporate activities during the year 2025 towards achieving its strategy and expected results. A to...
This document represents the deliverable ‘First Technical Report’ for the project Study on Technical Assistance in support of implementing Article 12(5) of Directive 2023/1791 on the energy performance and sustain...
This report analyses the results of stakeholder consultations conducted by the EU AI Office regarding two critical aspects of AI regulation: the definition of AI systems and prohibited AI applications (European Commis...
The Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP) has delivered concrete results in less than a year since the entry into force of the STEP Regulation in March 2024 as part of the medium-term revision of the 2021-...
The Broadband Coverage in Europe study is designed to monitor the progress of EU Member States towards the gigabit coverage and 5G coverage targets as set out in the Digital Decade Policy programme – namely: ‘Giga...
At EuCNC & 6G Summit 2025, the NetworldEurope SME Working Group showcased SME leadership in 6G innovation through demos, booths, and a dedicated session highlighting success stories and strategic dialogue on Europe's ...
After nearly 20 years of voluntary efforts to enhance digital government interoperability across EU borders, the Interoperable Europe Act (REGULATION (EU) 2024/903) came into force on 11th April 2024. Over the past de...