Today PNT services from space are challenged from many directions.

Jamming and spoofing events are at an all-time high, but also solar activity is at its maximum causing degraded navigation accuracy or malfunctioning systems in space and on earth.

Whereas the everyday use of GNSS by smartphones is still perceived as perfectly normal, those challenges clearly impact operations of safety critical autonomous systems on land, at sea and in the air.

The same is true for critical infrastructure depending on space based PNT and required to operate it.

But with the help of modernized GNSS including possible support via LEO-PNT, terrestrial navigation systems or other sensors, GNSS will continue to provide reliable services from the Earth to the Moon’s surface.